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That all changed with the introduction of antiretroviral therapy (ART). These medications, which work by targeting the virus and preventing it from replicating, have transformed HIV/AIDS from a death sentence to a manageable chronic condition.

Vaccines work by introducing a small, harmless piece of a pathogen to the body, which triggers an immune response. This response enables the body to recognize and fight future infections, providing immunity against diseases like measles, mumps, and rubella. That all changed with the introduction of antiretroviral

The impact of vaccines is staggering. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), vaccines have saved an estimated 10 million lives between 2010 and 2015 alone. This response enables the body to recognize and

Penicillin was first used to treat patients in the early 1940s, and its impact was almost immediate. Prior to its introduction, bacterial infections such as pneumonia, meningitis, and septicemia were often fatal. With penicillin, doctors could finally treat these infections effectively, saving countless lives in the process. Penicillin was first used to treat patients in

In the 1980s, the HIV/AIDS epidemic was a death sentence. Patients with the disease faced a slow and painful decline, with few treatment options available.

Prior to the discovery of insulin, diabetes was a death sentence. Patients with the disease were forced to follow a strict diet, and many still died from complications related to the condition. With insulin, diabetics could finally manage their condition and live relatively normal lives.

Today, insulin is a staple of diabetes treatment, and its discovery has enabled millions of people to live with the condition.